What is the derivation of the term pleiotropic?
Pleiotropy (from Greek πλείων pleion, “more”, and τρόπος tropos, “way”) occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. Such a gene that exhibits multiple phenotypic expression is called a pleiotropic gene.
Who coined the term pleiotropy?
Pleiotropy is defined as the phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more distinct phenotypic traits. The term was formally introduced into the literature by the German geneticist Ludwig Plate in 1910, 100 years ago.
What does pleiotropic mean?
: producing more than one effect especially : having multiple phenotypic expressions a pleiotropic gene.
What is the other name of pleiotropy?
Top 10 similar words or synonyms for pleiotropy epistasis 0.721532. epistatic 0.656627. hypomorphic 0.620550. phenocopies 0.613860.
What is the basis of pleiotropy?
Thus, pleiotropy is generally caused by a single molecular function involved in multiple biological processes. We also provide genomewide evidence that the evolutionary conservation of genes and gene sequences positively correlates with the level of gene pleiotropy.
Is blood type pleiotropy?
Background: The ABO gene has been widely studied and associated with many different diseases such as myocardial infarction and diabetes. Pleiotropic effects of the ABO locus have been demonstrated. Indeed it affects different phenotypes such as E- and P-selectins, triglycerides and total cholesterol.
Which of the following is an example of pleiotropic?
Sickle cell anaemia :- sickle cell anaemia is an example of pleiotropic gene because here the mutation in the single gene carries out a number of changes throughout the body and affects the body in different ways.
Why is pleiotropy so common?
Pervasive pleiotropy We have known for decades that pleiotropy is widespread because in plant and animal breeding, and in laboratory selection experiments, when selection is applied to one trait, the mean of other traits also changes from generation to generation.
How common is pleiotropy?
Frequency of Pleiotropy All approaches, however, show that pleiotropy is a common property with 13.2%–18.6% of all genes demonstrating pleiotropy as defined in this study. When immune-mediated phenotypes were classified as a single group, 189 genes remained pleiotropic.
Is pleiotropy same as epistasis?
The key difference between epistasis and pleiotropy is that epistasis is the phenomenon in which one gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at another locus while pleiotropy explains the phenomenon in which a single gene affects multiple phenotypic traits.
What is the meaning of the word pleiotropic?
Genetics. responsible for or affecting more than one phenotypic characteristic: Scientists are trying to determine if the various effects of pleiotropic genes are sensitive in different ways to different environmental influences. IS THIS EIGHTH GRADE VOCAB QUIZ FEASIBLE FOR YOU?
Which is an example of a pleiotropic gene?
One example of this is the disease PKU, or phenylketonuria, which occurs in humans. It causes both mental retardation and a reduction in hair and skin pigmentation. The disease is caused by a genetic mutation and affects multiple traits, so it is an example of pleiotropy.
Are there any recent examples of pleiotropic effects?
Recent Examples on the Web Stephen Hsu of Michigan State University, one of Genomic Prediction’s founders, acknowledges the theoretical risk of this, but argues that serious pleiotropic effects are unlikely. — The Economist, 7 Nov. 2019