What did the Adarand Constructors v Pena case decide?

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court in 1995. The Supreme Court held that racial classifications imposed by the federal government must be analyzed under a standard of strict scrutiny and that race is not a sufficient condition for a presumption of disadvantage.

What did the Supreme Court determine in Adarand Constructors v Pena quizlet?

Overruling Metro Broadcasting (497 US 547), the Court held that all racial classifications, whether imposed by federal, state, or local authorities, must pass strict scrutiny review.

What Supreme Court case held that federal programs that classify people by race even for an ostensibly benign purpose should be unconstitutional?

However, in 1995, in Adarand Constructors v. Pena, the Court held that federal programs that classify people by race, even for an ostensibly benign purpose such as expanding opportunities for minorities, should be presumed to be unconstitutional.

Which law forbids government to draw unreasonable distinctions between different classes of persons?

The Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause requires states to practice equal protection. Equal protection forces a state to govern impartially—not draw distinctions between individuals solely on differences that are irrelevant to a legitimate governmental objective.

What did the case of US v Virginia decide?

No. In a 7-to-1 decision, the Court held that VMI’s male-only admissions policy was unconstitutional. Because it failed to show “exceedingly persuasive justification” for VMI’s gender-biased admissions policy, Virginia violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause.

Why did southern states enact poll taxes quizlet?

Why did southern states enact poll taxes? To prevent the newly freed slaves from voting.

Which of the following is an example of de facto discrimination?

One instance of de facto discrimination was the segregation of interstate buses. The Supreme Court ruled in Morgan v. Virginia in 1946 that such segregation was illegal.

Which statement is most consistent with the Supreme Court’s reasoning in Ples SY v Ferguson?

Which statement is most consistent with the Supreme Court’s reasoning in Plessy v. Ferguson? Segregated facilities are permissible as long as they are substantially equal. How did desegregation proceed in the South following the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v.

What are the three levels of scrutiny used by the Supreme Court to discover whether discrimination is permissible?

— 3 main levels: rational basis, intermediate scrutiny (gender discrimination, non- marital children), and strict scrutiny (racial discrimination).

Which Amendment said a person couldn’t be tried twice for the same crime?

The Double Jeopardy Clause in the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution prohibits anyone from being prosecuted twice for substantially the same crime. The relevant part of the Fifth Amendment states, “No person shall . . . be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb . . . . “

Why did Southern states enact poll taxes quizlet?