What are scope 1/2 and 3 emission?
Scope 1 covers direct emissions from owned or controlled sources. Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heating and cooling consumed by the reporting company. Scope 3 includes all other indirect emissions that occur in a company’s value chain.
What are Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions?
Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions associated with the purchase of electricity, steam, heat, or cooling. Although scope 2 emissions physically occur at the facility where they are generated, they are accounted for in an organization’s GHG inventory because they are a result of the organization’s energy use.
What are Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions?
Scope 3 emissions include employee travel and commuting. Scope 3 also includes emissions associated with contracted solid waste disposal and wastewater treatment. Some Scope 3 emissions can also result from transportation and distribution (T&D) losses associated with purchased electricity.
What are scope 4 emissions?
The term Scope 4 is used to describe avoided emissions as well as home-working emissions in some situations. We explore both concepts and the importance of their consideration in full scope carbon reporting.
What is included in GHG emissions?
Industry (23 percent of 2019 greenhouse gas emissions) – Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.
What are direct GHG emissions?
Direct GHG emissions are emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting entity. Indirect GHG emissions are emissions that are a consequence of the activities of the reporting entity, but occur at sources owned or controlled by another entity.
What are upstream Scope 3 emissions?
What are Scope 3 emissions? They are indirect greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the organisation’s operations. Examples of upstream Scope 3 emissions sources are; business travel by means not owned or controlled by an organisation, waste disposal and purchased goods & services.
What is an example of a scope 3 carbon emissions?
Scope 3 emissions are a consequence of the activities of the company, but occur from sources not owned or controlled by the company. Some examples of scope 3 activities are extraction and production of purchased materials; transportation of purchased fuels; and use of products and services.
What is the difference between GHG and CO2?
For any quantity and type of greenhouse gas, CO2e signifies the amount of CO2 which would have the equivalent global warming impact. A quantity of GHG can be expressed as CO2e by multiplying the amount of the GHG by its GWP.
Why is CO2 a GHG?
Carbon dioxide is called a greenhouse gas because it is one of the gases in the atmosphere that warms the Earth through a phenomenon called the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide molecules in the atmosphere absorb long-wavelength infrared energy (heat) from the Earth and then re-radiate it, some of it back downward.
What do GHG do?
Greenhouse gases are transparent to incoming (short-wave) radiation from the sun but block infrared (long-wave) radiation from leaving the earth’s atmosphere. This greenhouse effect traps radiation from the sun and warms the planet’s surface.