What are normal lumbar puncture results?
Normal Results CSF total protein: 15 to 60 mg/100 mL. Gamma globulin: 3% to 12% of the total protein. CSF glucose: 50 to 80 mg/100 mL (or greater than two thirds of blood sugar level) CSF cell count: 0 to 5 white blood cells (all mononuclear), and no red blood cells.
What does a lumbar puncture measure?
A lumbar puncture is typically performed to: collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid to be analyzed in a laboratory. measure the pressure of fluid in the spinal canal. remove some cerebrospinal fluid to decrease pressure in the spinal canal.
What instrument is used for lumbar puncture?
A hypodermic needle is used to access the subarachnoid space and collect fluid. Fluid may be sent for biochemical, microbiological, and cytological analysis. Using ultrasound to landmark may increase success. Lumbar puncture was first introduced in 1891 by the German physician Heinrich Quincke.
What is a normal lumbar puncture pressure?
Results: The normal range of ICP measured by LP in adults in a typical clinical setting should now be regarded as 6 to 25 cmH2O (95% confidence intervals), with a population mean of about 18 cmH2O.
How do you read lumbar puncture results?
Interpretation of CSF results from lumbar puncture (LP)
- Appearance: Clear.
- Opening pressure: 10-20 cmCSF.
- WBC count: 0-5 cells/µL. < 2 polymorphonucleocytes [PMN])
- Glucose level: >60% of serum glucose.
- Protein level: < 45 mg/dL.
- Consider additional tests: CSF culture, others depending on clinical findings.
What is a normal CSF?
In normal adults, the CSF volume is 90 to 200 mL [1]; approximately 20 percent of the CSF is contained in the ventricles; the rest is contained in the subarachnoid space in the cranium and spinal cord. The normal rate of CSF production is approximately 20 mL per hour.
How do you read CSF?
Why is a lumbar puncture done between L3 and L4?
Since the spinal cord ends as a solid structure around the level of the second lumbar vertebra (L2) the insertion of a needle must be below this point, usually between L3 and L4 (Fig 2). The spinal cord continues below L2 down into the sacrum as many separate strands of nerve pathways, the cordae equina, bathed in CSF.
What diseases can a lumbar puncture diagnose?
A lumbar puncture can help diagnose serious infections, such as meningitis; other disorders of the central nervous system, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and multiple sclerosis; or cancers of the brain or spinal cord.
What happens when a lumbar puncture goes wrong?
When spinal fluid is removed during an LP, the risks include headache from a persistent spinal fluid leak, brain herniation, bleeding, and infection. Each of these complications are uncommon with the exception of headache, which can appear from hours to up to a day after a lumbar puncture.
How do you read LP results?
What is a normal opening pressure?
The currently accepted upper limit of normal recum- bent CSF opening pressure is between 18 and 20 cm CSF.
What kind of procedure is a lumbar puncture?
Lumbar Puncture, also known as Spinal Tap is a medical procedure that makes use of a needle to draw out a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (a fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord to protect them from injury) from the spinal column to examine and help diagnose several disorders and infections related to the central nervous system.
How is CSF collected from a lumbar puncture?
CSF should be collected using an aseptic non-touch technique as it drips from the back of the lumbar puncture needle. Removal of CSF can be diagnostic (e.g. suspected meningitis) or therapeutic (e.g. benign intracranial hypertension).
How manyml of lumbar puncture should I extract?
You should extract an appropriate volume based on your intentions (typically 8-15mL for diagnostic purposes), and place in the appropriate laboratory containers.
Do you lie on your side during a lumbar puncture?
Spinal tap (lumbar puncture) Spinal tap (lumbar puncture) During a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) procedure, you typically lie on your side with your knees drawn up to your chest.