How tall does a Xanthium spinosum plant grow?

Xanthium spinosum is an upright ( erect) and much-branched short-lived ( annual) herbaceous plant usually growing 30-100 cm tall, but occasionally reaching up to 1.2 m in height, with spines at the base of the leaves. The stems are greenish-yellow when young and are covered with fine hairs (finely pubescent ).

Is the Xanthium spinosum plant toxic to animals?

Xanthium spinosum invades pastures and grazing lands causing reductions in forage production. It is toxic to most domestic animals. It is also a serious agricultural weed. Xanthium spinosum has been listed as a noxious weed in South Africa (prohibited plants that must be controlled.

Which is the only accepted species of Xanthium?

X. spinosum is one of only two accepted species of Xanthium, the other being X. strumarium. The many other reported species in the literature were brought into synonymy by Love and Dansereau (1959). X.

Is there any way to get rid of Xanthium spinosum?

Various herbicides can be sprayed onto Xanthium spinosum for effective control. When using any herbicide always read the label first and follow all instructions and safety requirements. If in doubt consult an expert. A range of biological control agents have been targeted at this species but with variable success (Bugwood wiki).