What is Nasobiliary drainage?
Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) is a transpapillary external biliary drainage technique, which was first performed in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) by Cotton et al. in 1979 (Gut 20:285–287, 1979).
Who discovered cholangitis?
Dr. Jean-Martin Charcot, a French physician, is credited with discovering the disease in the late 19th century. He referred to the condition as “hepatic fever.” Charcot’s triad of fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain is the classical presentation of cholangitis.
What is a Nasobiliary tube?
Nasobiliary drainage catheters allow effective decompression and flushing in cases with cholangitis and obstructive jaundice. Here the author describes the technique in a patient with obstructing cholangiocarcinoma and severe cholangiosepsis.
What are complications of cholangitis?
Complications include pyogenic liver abscess, cholangiolytic abscess (usually small and multiple) in the liver, longstanding recurrent cholangitis (eg, Asiatic cholangitis), and acute renal failure. Longstanding recurrent cholangitis can cause secondary biliary cirrhosis (SBC), portal hypertension, and liver failure.
Why is it called Roux?
A Partial History of Roux As far back as 1651, François Pierre La Varenne wrote a cookbook in which he mentioned liaison de farine which was made with flour and lard. He called this mixture “thickening of flower,” and it later came to be known as farine frit, or roux.
How is Nasobiliary drainage done?
Now the nasobiliary tube can provide noninvasive cholangiography. The contrast that is injected is promptly drained into the duodenum by the straight plastic stent. The catheter is then connected to a bottle of saline for continuous flushing of the bile duct and simultaneous drainage through the stent.
What are sustainable drainage systems in the UK?
Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) are designed to encourage contractors to install drainage system that more closely mimic the natural flow of water in nature. Since 2010 local and neighbourhood planning in the UK is required by law to factor SUDS into any development projects that they are responsible for.
What is the importance of drainage in agriculture?
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface’s water and sub-surface water from an area. The internal drainage of most agricultural soils is good enough to prevent severe waterlogging (anaerobic conditions that harm root growth), but many soils need artificial drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies.
What kind of drainage is used in construction?
Drainage options for the construction industry include: Point drainage, which intercepts water at gullies (points). Channel drainage, which intercepts water along the entire run of the channel.
What kind of grating is used for Channel drainage?
The surface opening of channel drainage usually comes in the form of gratings (polymer, plastic, steel or iron) or a single slot (slot drain) that runs along the ground surface (typically manufactured from steel or iron).