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Which of the following is inhalational anesthesia?

Inhalation anesthetics (nitrous oxide, halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, most commonly used agents in practice today) are used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in the operating room.

Which inhalational anesthetic agent S has the fastest onset of induction emergence and recovery?

Desflurane. Desflurane, with its extremely low blood : gas coefficient (0.42), makes for an extremely rapid emergence from anesthesia even with prolonged surgical times, in part because of the fact that it has the lowest fat : blood solubility of any potent inhalation agent.

What is Geta anesthesia?

While general endotracheal anesthesia (GETA) is the most common type of anesthesia used in infrainguinal bypasses, a study published in the November issue of the Journal of Vascular Surgery reveals that it may not be the best strategy.

Is propofol a general anesthesia?

Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic used for procedural sedation, during monitored anesthesia care, or as an induction agent for general anesthesia. It may be administered as a bolus or an infusion, or some combination of the two.

Which inhalation agent is a bronchodilator?

Inhaled volatile anesthetics, such as halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane, are known to be potent bronchodilators, and have been used for several decades as potentially life-saving therapy for the treatment of SA [1-6].

Which is an inhalational anesthetic used in the operating room?

Inhalation anesthetics (nitrous oxide, halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, most commonly used agents in practice today) are used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in the operating room.

What is the standard deviation of an inhaled anesthetic?

[Miller] The Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) of an inhaled anesthetic is the alveolar (or end-expiratory) concentration at which 50% of patients will not show a motor response to a standardized surgical incision. The standard deviation of MAC is ~10%, thus 95% of patients will not respond to 1.2 MAC, and 99% will not respond to 1.3 MAC.

Are there any inhaled anesthetics that cause bronchodilation?

Inhaled anesthetics cause bronchodilation but unless a patient has preexisting bronchoconstriction, the effects are minimal. Sevoflurane and nitrous oxide are non-pungent, however isoflurane and desflurane are pungent and can irritate airways at levels > 1.0 MAC (esp. in the absence of IV medications).

How are inhaled anesthetics related to dead space ventilation?

Inhaled anesthetics decrease tidal volume and increase frequency, leading to greater dead space ventilation, thus PaCO2 increases proportionately [Eger EI. Desflurane: A Compendium and Reference, p: 1-11, 1993]. Substituting 60% nitrous oxide for volatile anesthetic may reduce the increase in PaCO2 [Miller].