What is RDC TMD?

Abstract. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) is a well-known diagnostic tool for clinical trials on TMD.

How do you assess TMD?

Palpate the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by pressing anterior to the tragus of the ear bilaterally. Assess for TMJ tenderness; the range of movement of the mandible; pain on movement or on maximum mouth opening; and for any associated joint noises or crepitus.

Who can diagnose TMD?

Your doctor may refer you to a dentist or an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist to diagnose your condition. Your doctor may examine your jaw to see if there is swelling or tenderness if you have symptoms of a TMJ disorder. Your doctor may also use several different imaging tests.

What is Myogenous TMD?

Myogenous temporomandibular disorders (or masticatory myalgia) are characterized by pain and dysfunction that arise from pathologic and functional processes in the masticatory muscles.

What is the most common TMD diagnosis?

Myofascial pain. This is the most common form of TMD. It results in discomfort or pain in the connective tissue covering the muscles (fascia) and the muscles that control jaw, neck, and shoulder function.

Is TMJ a musculoskeletal disorder?

Temporomandibular joint syndrome is also known as temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common type of musculoskeletal disorder in the orofacial region involving the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures.

What is TMJ assessment?

The examination should include assessment of the patient’s posture (position of the jaw, tongue and neck); palpation of the TMJ to assess for swelling, muscle spasm and stiffness or hypermobility of one or both TMJ; assessment of range and quality of movement of the jaw and neck, particularly noting any deviation or …

What are the risk factors for TMJ?

Factors that may increase the risk of developing TMJ disorders include:

• Various types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
• Jaw injury.
• Long-term (chronic) grinding or clenching of teeth.
• Certain connective tissue diseases that cause problems that may affect the temporomandibular joint.

Is TMD serious?

In some cases, TMD may not be very serious, and it could go away without treatment. However, in other instances, it may be serious and can grow into a long-lasting issue. For example, pain may be severe, or the way your jaw moves can be quite restricted. Chewing and speaking may become very difficult.

What is Myogenous?

[ mī-ŏj′ə-nəs ] adj. Relating to the origin of muscle cells or fibers; myogenic.

What causes TMD?

Sometimes the main cause is excessive strain on the jaw joints and the muscle group that controls chewing, swallowing, and speech. This strain may be a result of bruxism. This is the habitual, involuntary clenching or grinding of the teeth. But trauma to the jaw, the head, or the neck may cause TMD.

Is TMJ an autoimmune disease?

TMD is observed in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatism and osteoarthritis. However, limited studies have been performed to assess the effects of autoimmune diseases on TMD.

When did the RDC / TMD become a sys-tem?

The RDC/TMD (Axis I and Axis II) was a model sys- tem when it was published in 1992, but the authors recognized that it was only a beginning and that fur- ther research was needed to improve its validity and clinical utility. Table 1 summarizes the subsequent major steps from the RDC/TMD to the new DC/TMD.

When to use DC / TMD in clinical settings?

The recommended evidence-based new DC/TMD protocol is appropriate for use in both clinical and research settings. More comprehensive instruments augment short and simple screening instruments for Axis I and Axis II. These validated instruments allow for identification of patients with a range of sim …

Are there any validated criteria for pain-related TMD?

Inter-examiner reliability for the clinical assessment associated with the validated DC/TMD criteria for pain-related TMD is excellent (kappa ≥ 0.85). Finally, a comprehensive classification system that includes both the common and less common TMD is also presented.

How does the International RDC / TMD consortium work?

The International RDC/TMD Consortium Network (hereafter, “Consortium”) conducts examiner training and calibration based on these specifications. Operationalized DC/TMD Protocol 1: Introduction 3 procedures improve the examiner’s clinical method and resultant decision making.