There are many types, methods and forms of social adaptation. The nature can distinguish voluntary and forced social adaptation depending on the coincidence or divergence of interests, needs, and perceptions of the individual units with the proposals and the social environment changes (Shabanov, 1995). The positive and negative characteristics of social adaptation related to its efficiency. Positive adaptation develops because of active individual devices (groups) to the social conditions and social environment play with her progress in the upward direction. Negative reflects the adaptation of the individual device using disapproved means life support (eg, social parasitism, social dependence, deviant adaptation) that inhibits or harm reproduction and development of the social environment (Sviridov, 2002). Depending on the scope of life, distinguish the economic, political, labor, professional, Socio-psychological and other.
Adaptation
Depending on the degree of adaptation and quality of recovered stable or unstable, shallow and deep, full and parttime, high or low social adaptation (Korel, 1997). Disadaptation associated with maladjustment, I ow “fit” the individual’s opportunities in the social environment and to operate successfully in it. Undeveloped or surface social adaptation leads to conformity. According to Igor Kon, conformism means “conscious opportunism to the prevailing tastes and opinions, focus on what to conform to some recognized or required standard(Cohn, 1967). Conformity is correlated with psychological traits such as stereotyping, the inflexibility of thought, poverty of ideas, emotional stiffness, anxiety, a sense of inferiority, passivity (ibid). Conformity is a prerequisite for successful socialization of the individual. But if an individual has nothing more in his behavior, except opportunism, if it occurs only for external installations for him if he does not assert his self, checking their actions on the reactions of others, finds solutions, what to do in specific situations, the conformity It will be excessive. He will cause harm and the person and society. For the socialization of such conformity is a deviation, as socialization involves not a passive adaptation of the individual to the social environment in its compliance and active human adaptation to changing conditions, the reproduction of social norms and cultural values, as well as on the basis of innovation transformation. Particularly dangerous it becomes conformism in the case of pressure on the person of asocial and antisocial groups, when an individual is forced to extremism, rebellion, religious fanaticism, narcotics drug, crime and so on. D.
Domestic researchers identify various criteria and indicators of social adaptation, namely, the state of the mass consciousness and the public mood (L. Gordon); the degree of freedom in the choice of individual life goals and means to achieve them (M. Shabanova); subjective assessments of individuals living conditions (Sviridov); the nature of social mobility, and so on. d. In the sociology of organizations, the term “adaptation” is used to refer to one of the main features of the social system and is defined as an adaptation to the changes in its internal and external environment. Adaptation is a functional survival conditions social system (Parsons, 2000).