How long can you live with hepatic hydrothorax?
HH was refractory in 5 cases and combined with ascites in 26 cases. Eleven patients had episodes of spontaneous bacterial pleural empyema. HH was resolved in all transplant patients for three months. At one lethal outcome, the average survival rate was 114 mo.
What is a hepatic hydrothorax?
Hepatic hydrothorax refers to the presence of a pleural effusion (usually >500 mL) in a patient with cirrhosis who does not have other reasons to have a pleural effusion (eg, cardiac, pulmonary, or pleural disease) [1-3]. Hepatic hydrothorax occurs in approximately 5 to 15 percent of patients with cirrhosis.
Why does hepatic hydrothorax occur?
Hepatic hydrothorax is a rare form of pleural effusion that occurs in people with liver cirrhosis. It is defined as over 500 mL of pleural fluid in people with liver cirrhosis without being caused by heart, lung, or pleural disease….
| Hepatic hydrothorax | |
|---|---|
| Prognosis | Poor |
Can you have hepatic hydrothorax without ascites?
Patients with hepatic hydrothorax usually have ascites, but a few cases without ascites have been reported. The most likely explanation of hepatic hydrothorax is ascites passing through a diaphragmatic defect.
Is hepatic Hydrothorax exudative or Transudative?
Hepatic hydrothorax is defined as a transudative pleural effusion, usually greater than 500 mL in patients with portal hypertension without any other underlying primary cardio- pulmonary cause.
How is hepatic Hydrothorax treated?
The management of hepatic hydrothorax is difficult. The initial treatment should be a low-salt diet plus diuretics. The best diuretic regimen is probably the combination of furosemide and spironolactone (7). However, about 25% of patients are refractory to this regiment, and additional therapy is indicated (1).
How is hepatic Hydrothorax diagnosed?
Hepatic hydrothorax was diagnosed based on currently accepted clinical characteristics of the disease, including a known diagnosis of cirrhosis, the presence of portal hypertension, pleural fluid analysis, and the absence of primary cardiopulmonary disease.
How is hepatic hydrothorax treated?
Do all patients with hepatic hydrothorax have clinical ascites?
Hepatic hydrothorax is defined as a transudative pleural effusion, usually greater than 500 mL in patients with portal hypertension without any other underlying primary cardiopulmonary cause. The presence of ascites is not required; up to 20% of patients with hepatic hydrothorax have no clinically significant ascites.
What is hydrothorax and Hemothorax?
This accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity is called pleural effusion. Pleural effusions are given specific names depending on the nature of the fluid: hydrothorax for serous fluid, pyothorax for pus, hemothorax for blood, and urinothorax for urine.
Is hepatic hydrothorax exudative or Transudative?
Why is hepatic hydrothorax on right side?
Because the pressure in the pleural space is lower than the pressure in the abdominal cavity, fluid moves into the pleural space, and many patients with a hepatic hydrothorax have the entire hemithorax filled with fluid. This can lead to debilitating dyspnea. The pleural fluid is usually on the right side (1).
How is the diagnosis of hepatic hydrothorax made?
The diagnosis is established clinically by finding a serous transudate and it is confirmed by radionuclide imaging demonstrating communication between the peritoneal and pleural spaces and by pleural fluid analysis. 1. Milanez de campos JR, Andrade filho LO, De campos werebe E et-al. Hepatic hydrothorax.
What are pleural effusions in hepatic hydrothorax?
Hepatic hydrothorax. It is one of the pulmonary complications of cirrhosis with portal hypertension . It is characterized by formation of pleural effusions usually greater than 500 mL, in patients with portal hypertension without any other underlying primary cardiopulmonary cause 2.
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